The money Italian users spend on cocaine gets split very roughly into thirds: about one-third remains in the hands of the retailers who sell directly to users, one third going to the higher-level dealers within Italy, and one-third flowing out of the country and to international traffickers.

Key words: retailers, drug dealing, profit, international traffic

Lead author(s): Pardal, Tzvetkova, Disley

Frequency of supply, price levels, quality and quantity of supplies, typical places and dealing techniques are different at various levels of the illicit drug supply chain and areas of Italy, outlining two main categories of dealers, each with typical characteristics: those who work as part of a criminal organization and those who work independently.

Key words: business strategies, drug dealing, motivations, organized crime

Lead author(s): Tzvetkova, Pardal, Disley

Imprisoned drug dealers reported that they aimed to sell mainly to regular customers and employed tactics to secure a stable customer base, including offering discounts, providing credit and even occasionally, offering  ‘freebies’ or ‘extras’ to regular customers.

Key words: suppliers, drug dealing, tactics, customer service

Lead author(s): Tzvetkova, Pardal, Disley

Addicts account for a substantial share of both tobacco and alcohol consumption across Europe.

Key words: tobacco, alcohol, addicts, share of consumption

Lead author(s): Baumberg

Online bingo websites use a range of strategies to draw in new users, foster emotional attachment and encourage heavier involvement in gambling.

Key words: online bingo, marketing, gambling, belonging, excessive use

Lead author(s): Stead